This will hopefully help you determine what town to look up on a census record, etc.
Please email me with any additions or corrections.

Rooks County Information
National Register of Historical Places in Rooks County
Rooks County History Information
Rooks County History by William Cutler  published in 1883
Rooks County Tours

Alcona Twp 1879

Post Office 1878 - 1930 First postmaster - Royal W. Barett
Minety PO 1882-1885 First postmaster - Charles Newth

Ash Rock Twp 1878

Post Office 1876 - 1885 First postmaster - Mr. Olds
Mount Pleasant PO 1878
Liberty PO 1878
Spring Branch PO 1878

Belmont Twp  1879 (from Stockton)

Webster PO 1979 First postmaster - John Stephenson
Bradford PO 1879 First postmaster - M. J. Coolbaugh

Bow Creek Twp 1873

Adamson PO 1875 - 1891 First postmaster - Daniel White
Slate PO 1880 - 1903 First postmaster - Lewis K. Meyers
Portage PO 1880 - 1892 First postmaster - Clark P. Riley

Corning Twp 1879

Eagle Creek PO1878 - 1884 First postmaster - Samuel N. Prichard
Laton PO 1884 - 1904 First postmaster - Chris C. Hall  (Laton is also known as Eagle Creek)
Hoskins PO 1880 - 1888 First postmaster - J. L. Hoskins
Motor PO 1888 -
Natoma PO 1904 -   First postmaster - Charles McFadden

Fairview Twp 1924 (from Walton Twp.)

Amboy PO 1882 - 1894 First postmaster - William P. Baker
Palco PO 1894 - (also known as Cresson) (See Northampton Township Below for links)

Farmington Twp 1878 (from Bow Creek Twp.)

Rockport PO 1873 - 1905 First postmaster - J. T. Stroup
Earnest PO 1882 - 1889 First postmaster - John L. Bearnes
Frankton (defunct)

Greenhill Twp 1879

Hobart Twp 1879

PO 1879 - 1884 First postmaster - Asa Bullock

Iowa Twp 1879

Lanark Twp 1879 (from Farmington Twp)

Vertner PO 1879 - 1880 First postmaster - Vertner J. Megowan

Logan Twp 1880

Chandler PO 1880 - 1892 First postmaster -  Benjamin Hill
Zurich PO 1880 - First postmaster - Amanda Webb

Lowell Twp 1879

Rooks Centre PO 1872 - 1886 First postmaster - John Shorthill
Raceburg PO 1875 - 1886 First postmaster -  George Race

Medicine Twp 1879

Igo PO 1877 - 1904 First postmaster - Frank Gager
Survey PO 1880 - 1890 First postmaster - Dave Sollenbarger
Letts PO 1904 - 1904 First postmaster - Daniel C. Worden

Northampton Twp 1879

Cresson PO 1879 - ? First postmaster - William J McLaughlin
Palco PO 1888 - ? First postmaster - Elijah S. Beavers
Palco Public Library     Palco Earthquake 
Villisca PO 1880 - 1881 First postmaster - Dennis Eddy

Paradise Twp

Codell PO 1889 - ? First postmaster -  Jasper Parks
Florreyville PO 1875 - 1879 First postmaster - Andrew J. Florey
Motor PO 1879 - 1889 First postmaster - Jasper Parks

Plainville Twp 1879 Incorporated 1888

Plainville PO 1878 First postmaster - W. I. Griffin
Plainville Public Library
Plainville Times 400 W. Mills, Plainville, KS  785-434-4519
McHale PO 1880 - 1891 First postmaster -  James McDonald

Richland Twp 1880

Enfield PO 1888 - 1894 First postmaster - Charles F. Budd
Damar PO 1894 - First postmaster - Fred Hamilton  (Damar is also known as Enfield)

Gould City - defunct

Rush Twp 1880

Webster  PO 1882 - 1953 First postmaster - Hiram L. Oyer  (Webster is also known as Belmont)

Stockton Twp 1878 (also known as Stock Town)

Stockton  PO 1872 (first post office in county!) First postmaster - John O'Brien
Stockton Public Library
Stockton Schools
Stockton Sentinel 414 Main, Stockton, KS  785-425-6354
Cedar PO 1874 - 1874 First postmaster - Abraham F. Surfus
Ash Grove PO 1876 - 1880 First postmaster - William B. Fulkerson

Sugar Loaf Twp 1880

PO 1878 - 1904 First postmaster - Charles H. Dewey

Walton Twp 1879

Woodston Twp 1885 Incorporated 1902 (also known as Rooks Centre)

PO 1886 First postmaster - James Wilson
High Hill (defunct)
Nyra (defunct)

The following towns/cities are listed as still being populated:

Codell
Damar
Laton
Palco
Plainville
Stockton
Webster
Woodston
Zurich